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The Arrhenius equation was used in a study to calculate activation energies for the chlorination of four parent parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, and butylparaben) and was found to range from 36–47 kJ/mol. [21] In another study, tap water at 20 °C (68 °F) containing 50–200 μM free chlorine was spiked with 0.5 μM propylparaben and the ...
Butylparaben, or butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, is an organic compound with the formula C 4 H 9 O 2 CC 6 H 4 OH. [1] It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents. It has proven to be a highly successful antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics. [2] It is also used in medication suspensions, and as a flavoring additive in food.
2-Methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol (MPP) is a simple alkyl diol which has sedative, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects. Precursor/metabolite
The methyl "substituent" or "group" is highlighted red. According to the usual rules of nomenclature, alkyl groups are included in the name of the molecule before the root, as in methylpentane . This name is, however, ambiguous, as the methyl branch could be on various carbon atoms.
In organic chemistry, a propyl group is a three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula −CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 for the linear form. This substituent form is obtained by removing one hydrogen atom attached to the terminal carbon of propane . [ 1 ]
The hydrocarbyl group names that end in -yl are not acyl groups, but alkyl groups derived from alkanes (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl), alkenyl groups derived from alkenes (propenyl, butenyl), or aryl groups .
Meprobamate—marketed as Miltown by Wallace Laboratories and Equanil by Wyeth, among others—is a carbamate derivative used as an anxiolytic drug. It was the best-selling minor tranquilizer for a time, but has largely been replaced by the benzodiazepines due to their wider therapeutic index (lower risk of toxicity at therapeutically prescribed doses) and lower incidence of serious side effects.
The human health effects of carbamates are well documented in the list of known endocrine disruptor compounds. [34] Clinical effects of carbamate exposure can vary from slightly toxic to highly toxic depending on a variety of factors including such as dose and route of exposure with ingestion and inhalation resulting in the most rapid clinical ...