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It is the primary intracellular iron-storage protein in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, keeping iron in a soluble and non-toxic form. In humans, it acts as a buffer against iron deficiency and iron overload. [3] Ferritin is found in most tissues as a cytosolic protein, but small amounts are secreted into the serum where it functions as an iron ...
Iron is also stored as a pigment called hemosiderin, which is an ill-defined deposit of protein and iron, created by macrophages where excess iron is present, either locally or systemically, e.g., among people with iron overload due to frequent blood cell destruction and the necessary transfusions their condition calls for. If systemic iron ...
In blood plasma, zinc is bound to and transported by albumin (60%, low-affinity) and transferrin (10%). [10] Because transferrin also transports iron, excessive iron reduces zinc absorption, and vice versa. A similar antagonism exists with copper. [30] The concentration of zinc in blood plasma stays relatively constant regardless of zinc intake ...
It is found in all cells types and localized in the cytosol. Ferritin is a large protein composed of 24 subunits surrounding a core full of iron atoms. It is capable of holding 0-4500 iron atoms, [19] which can be used as a reservoir for cellular needs. Iron is stored when there is excess, and retrieved when iron is needed again. [12]
Macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system store iron as part of the process of breaking down and processing hemoglobin from engulfed red blood cells. Iron is also stored as a pigment called hemosiderin, which is an ill-defined deposit of protein and iron, created by macrophages where excess iron is present, either locally or systemically, e ...
[1] [2] The body then traps the released iron and stores it as hemosiderin in tissues. [3] Hemosiderin is also generated from the abnormal metabolic pathway of ferritin. [3] It is only found within cells (as opposed to circulating in blood) and appears to be a complex of ferritin, denatured ferritin and other material.
Contrary to popular belief, haemoglobin is not a blood protein, as it is carried within red blood cells, rather than in the blood serum. Serum albumin accounts for 55% of blood proteins, [1] is a major contributor to maintaining the oncotic pressure of plasma and assists, as a carrier, in the transport of lipids and steroid hormones.
The structure of hemoglobin.The heme cofactor, containing the metal iron, shown in green.. Metalloprotein is a generic term for a protein that contains a metal ion cofactor. [1] [2] A large proportion of all proteins are part of this category.