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Following that, engines began to combine two or three cylinders into a single-cylinder block, with an engine combining several of these cylinder blocks. In early engines with multiple cylinder banks – such as V6 , V8 , or flat-6 engines – each bank was typically made of one or multiple separate cylinder blocks.
Although successfully used by many European manufacturers, there are potentially issues associated with engines that use Alusil blocks, namely cylinder bore scoring which occurs when there is a breakdown of the exposed silicon particles in the cylinder bore, resulting in increased oil consumption and excessive piston noise. [10]
Cylinder liners (also known as sleeves) are thin metal cylinder-shaped parts which are inserted into the engine block to form the inner wall of the cylinder. [4] [5] Alternatively, an engine can be 'sleeveless', where the cylinder walls are formed by the engine block with a wear-resistant coating, such as Nikasil or plasma-sprayed bores.
Aluminum crank cases, cylinder blocks, heads and pistons are commonplace. The first airplane engine to fly, in the Wright Flyer of 1903, had an aluminum cylinder block. [1] All-aluminum engines are rare, as the material is difficult to use in more highly stressed components such as connecting rods and crankshafts.
The BMW N52 is a naturally aspirated straight-6 petrol engine which was produced from 2004 to 2015. The N52 replaced the BMW M54 and debuted on the E90 3 Series and E63 6 Series. The N52 was the first water-cooled engine to use magnesium/aluminium composite construction in the engine block. [1]
Unlike other methods, including cast iron cylinder liners, Nikasil allowed very large cylinder bores with tight tolerances. This made it possible for existing engine designs to be expanded easily. The aluminum cylinders also gave a much better heat conductivity and lower friction than cast iron liners, an important attribute for a high-output ...
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