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This glossary of geology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts relevant to geology, its sub-disciplines, and related fields. For other terms related to the Earth sciences , see Glossary of geography terms (disambiguation) .
A large region or district (often but not necessarily a broad, elongated area of vague or indeterminate boundaries) identified or associated with one or more particular, distinctive characteristics, e.g. of climate (banana belt), vegetation , topography (Alpide belt), geology or mineral resources , agriculture , land use (green belt), language ...
The features of a place related to the immediate environment in which the place is located (e.g. terrain, soil, subsurface, geology, groundwater, etc.). [5] situation The features of a place related to its location relative to other places (e.g., accessibility, hinterland quality). [5] skerry
Abyssal fan – Underwater geological structures associated with large-scale sediment deposition; Abyssal plain – Flat area on the deep ocean floor; Bench – Long, relatively narrow land bounded by distinctly steeper slopes above and below; Butte – Isolated hill with steep, often vertical sides and a small, relatively flat top
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Geology – one of the Earth sciences – is the study of the Earth, with the general exclusion of present-day life, flow within the ocean, and the atmosphere. The field of geology encompasses the composition, structure, physical properties, and history of Earth's components, and the processes by which it is shaped.
Solidified lava flow in Hawaii Sedimentary layers in Badlands National Park, South Dakota Metamorphic rock, Nunavut, Canada. Geology (from Ancient Greek γῆ (gê) 'earth' and λoγία () 'study of, discourse') [1] [2] is a branch of natural science concerned with the Earth and other astronomical objects, the rocks of which they are composed, and the processes by which they change over time. [3]