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The hypothesis is derived from the discipline of social psychology and was first proposed by American social psychologist Elaine Hatfield and her colleagues in 1966. [2] Successful couples of differing physical attractiveness may be together due to other matching variables that compensate for the difference in attractiveness. [3]
The convergence hypothesis became popular among social scientists and was widely used to explain the high levels of observed similarity between spouses and romantic partners in physical, physiological, demographic and psychological characteristics, such as social class, religion, be of similar height, intelligence, education.
It guides the individual’s expectations about relationships throughout life, subsequently influencing social behavior, perception of others and development of self-esteem. [ 10 ] Essentially, four different internal working models can be defined which are based on positive or negative images of self and others. [ 7 ]
Although in the early days Bowlby was criticised by academic psychologists and ostracised by the psychoanalytic community, [2] attachment theory has become the dominant approach to understanding early social development and given rise to a great surge of empirical research into the formation of children's close relationships.
Romantic relationships, for example, serve as a secure base that help people face the surprises, opportunities, and challenges life presents. Similarities such as these led Hazan and Shaver to extend attachment theory to adult relationships. Relationships between adults also differ in some ways from relationships between children and caregivers ...
Among existing psychological tools for studying and/or measuring interpersonal compatibility, the following are noteworthy: A test of interpersonal compatibility proposed by Timothy Leary; A three-factor hypothesis (inclusion, control, and affection/openness) by William Schutz (further developed into FIRO-B questionnaire)
Object relations theory is a school of thought in psychoanalytic theory and psychoanalysis centered around theories of stages of ego development. Its concerns include the relation of the psyche to others in childhood and the exploration of relationships between external people, as well as internal images and the relations found in them. [1]
Cognitive valence theory (CVT) is a theoretical framework that describes and explains the process of intimacy exchange within a dyad relationship.Peter A. Andersen, [who?] PhD created the cognitive valence theory to answer questions regarding intimacy relationships among colleagues, close friends and intimate friends, married couples and family members. [1]