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  2. Muslim Romani people - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_Romani_people

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 27 December 2024. Ethnic group Part of a series on Romani people Names People Romani people by sub-group Afro-Romani Arlije Bergitka Roma Burgenland Roma Boyash Cascarots Crimean Roma Gurbeti Judeo-Romani Kalderash Calé Kaale Kalé Lovari Lăutari Machvaya Romanisael Polska Roma Romanichal Ruska Roma ...

  3. History of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islam

    The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.

  4. Caliphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate

    A caliphate (Arabic: خِلَافَةْ, romanized: khilāfah) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph [1] [2] [3] (/ ˈ k æ l ɪ f, ˈ k eɪ-/; خَلِيفَةْ khalīfa [xæ'liːfæh], pronunciation ⓘ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim ...

  5. Spread of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spread_of_Islam

    The spread of Islam spans almost 1,400 years. The early Muslim conquests that occurred following the death of Muhammad in 632 CE led to the creation of the caliphates, expanding over a vast geographical area; conversion to Islam was boosted by Arab Muslim forces expanding over vast territories and building imperial structures over time.

  6. Druze - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Druze

    The civil war was not therefore a religious war, [citation needed] except in Damascus, where it spread and where the vastly non-Druze population was anti-Christian. [137] This animosity was fueled by economic disparities, with Christians, who were generally wealthier and more prosperous, compare to the economically struggling Muslim residents ...

  7. Early Muslim conquests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests

    This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 January 2025. Expansion of the Islamic state (622–750) For later military territorial expansion of Islamic states, see Spread of Islam. Early Muslim conquests Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 Expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661 Expansion under the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750 Date ...

  8. Succession to Muhammad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Succession_to_Muhammad

    Historical works of later Muslim writers include the traditional biographies of Muhammad and quotations attributed to him—the sira and hadith literature—which provide further information on Muhammad's life. [4] The earliest surviving written sira (biography of Muhammad) is Sirat Rasul Allah (Life of God's Messenger) by Ibn Ishaq (d. 761 or ...

  9. Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia

    These god-stones were usually a free-standing slab, but Nabataean god-stones are usually carved directly on the rock face. [56] Facial features may be incised on the stone (especially in Nabataea), or astral symbols (especially in South Arabia). [56] Under Greco-Roman influence, an anthropomorphic statue might be used instead. [55]