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G-code (also RS-274) is the most widely used computer numerical control (CNC) and 3D printing programming language. It is used mainly in computer-aided manufacturing to control automated machine tools, as well as for 3D-printer slicer applications. The G stands for geometry. G-code has many variants.
The operation of a CNC machine tool is typically controlled by a "part program" written a language known as G-code. [3]Canned cycles are similar in concept to functions in a traditional computer language, and can be compared also to G-code macros.
APT (Automatically Programmed Tool) [1] is a high-level computer programming language most commonly used to generate instructions for numerically controlled machine tools. Douglas T. Ross [ 2 ] is considered by many to be the father of APT: as head of the newly created Computer Applications Group of the Servomechanisms Laboratory at MIT in 1956 ...
A CNC machine that operates on wood CNC machines typically use some kind of coolant, typically a water-miscible oil, to keep the tool and parts from getting hot. A CNC metal lathe with the door open. In machining, numerical control, also called computer numerical control (CNC), [1] is the automated control of tools by means of a computer. [2]
STEP-NC interface on a CNC, showing product shape and color-coded tolerance state. STEP-NC is a machine tool control language that extends the ISO 10303 STEP standards with the machining model in ISO 14649, [1] adding geometric dimension and tolerance data for inspection, and the STEP PDM model for integration into the wider enterprise.
These formats are similar as they are based on RS-274-C and related to G-code. In 1985 IPC published a generic standard NC format, IPC-NC-349. Later XNC was designed, a simple strict subset of IPC-NC-349, designed not for driving machines but for exchanging drill information between CAD and CAM. They are collectively referred to as (PCB) NC files.
These machines have developed from the basic NC (NUMERIC CONTROL) machines. A computerized form of NC machines is known as CNC machines. A set of instructions (called a program) is used to guide the machine for desired operations. There are over 100 different G-codes and M-codes. [8] Some very commonly used codes, which are used in the program are:
Each line of motion controlling G-code consists of two parts: the type of motion from the last cutter location to the next cutter location (e.g. "G01" means linear, "G02" means circular), and the next cutter location itself (the cartesian point (20, 1.3, 4.409) in this example).
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