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ICP Plasma "torch". The ICP-AES is composed of two parts: the ICP and the optical spectrometer. The ICP torch consists of 3 concentric quartz glass tubes. [2] The output or "work" coil of the radio frequency (RF) generator surrounds part of this quartz torch. Argon gas is typically used to create the plasma.
Analytik Jena ICP-MS PQMS is the most sensitive instrument on the market. [22] [23] [24] [failed verification] A sector ICP-MS will commonly have four sections: an extraction acceleration region, steering lenses, an electrostatic sector and a magnetic sector. The first region takes ions from the plasma and accelerates them using a high voltage.
Advantages of ICP-AES are the excellent limit of detection and linear dynamic range, multi-element capability, low chemical interference and a stable and reproducible signal. Disadvantages are spectral interferences (many emission lines), cost and operating expense and the fact that samples typically must be in a liquid solution.
Most analytical instruments produce a signal even when a blank (matrix without analyte) is analyzed.This signal is referred to as the noise level. The instrument detection limit (IDL) is the analyte concentration that is required to produce a signal greater than three times the standard deviation of the noise level.
ICP discharges are of relatively high electron density, on the order of 10 15 cm −3 [citation needed]. As a result, ICP discharges have wide applications wherever a high-density plasma (HDP) is needed. ICP-AES/ICP-OES, a type of atomic emission spectroscopy. ICP-MS, a type of mass spectrometry. ICP-RIE, a type of reactive-ion etching.
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Until the introduction of ICP-AES and PIXE, NAA was the standard analytical method for performing multi-element analyses with minimum detection limits in the sub-ppm range. [1] Accuracy of NAA is in the region of 5%, and relative precision is often better than 0.1%. [ 1 ]
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