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Complicating this is the fact that Marx's own ideas about the state changed as he grew older, differing in his early pre-communist phase, in the young Marx phase which predates the unsuccessful 1848 uprisings in Europe, and in his later work. Marx initially followed an evolutionary theory of the state.
Some trace the concept of the state withering away back to the early Karl Marx of the 1840s and to the socialist anarchist theorist Proudhon. [3] However, Marx's advocacy for the dictatorship of the proletariat and Proudhon's antagonism towards the state [4] proved uncomfortable bedfellows, [5] and the two thinkers parted company c. 1847.
Marx and Engels wrote a new preface for the 1882 Russian edition, translated by Georgi Plekhanov in Geneva. In it they wondered if Russia could directly become a communist society, or if she would become capitalist first like other European countries. After Marx's death in 1883, Engels provided the prefaces for five editions between 1888 and 1893.
Karl Marx [a] (German: [kaʁl maʁks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a German-born philosopher, political theorist, economist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.He is best-known for the 1848 pamphlet The Communist Manifesto (written with Friedrich Engels), and his three-volume Das Kapital (1867–1894), a critique of classical political economy which employs his theory of historical ...
Private ownership of the means of production ("private enterprise") as effective private control and/or legally enforced ownership, with the consequence that investment and management decisions are made by private owners of capital who act autonomously from each other and—because of business secrecy and the constraints of competition—do not ...
In Marxism, Marx's theory of the state, as elaborated by Engels and by Lenin, considers that in a post-capitalist society the state, an undesirable institution, would prove unnecessary and would wither away. [20] A related concept is that of stateless communism, a phrase sometimes used to describe Marx's anticipated post-capitalist society.
As Karl Marx observed: "At a certain stage of development, the material productive forces of society come into conflict with the existing relations of production or—this merely expresses the same thing in legal terms—with the property relations within the framework of which they have operated hitherto. From forms of development of the ...
In this first volume, Draper discusses the attitudes of Marx and Engels towards the titular topics the state and bureaucracy. He focuses on the Marxist theory of the state, how the state came to be, the class whose interests it represents and advocates, and the degree to which the state can be considered autonomous from the class society upon which it rests/developed out of.