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The Battle of the Java Sea (Indonesian: Pertempuran Laut Jawa, Japanese: スラバヤ沖海戦, romanized: Surabaya oki kaisen, lit. ' Surabaya open-sea battle ') was a decisive [ 2 ] naval battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II .
The Battle of Java (Invasion of Java, Operation J) was a battle of the Pacific theatre of World War II. It occurred on the island of Java from 28 February – 12 March 1942. It involved forces from the Empire of Japan , which invaded on 28 February 1942, and Allied personnel.
The Second Battle of the Java Sea was fought, resulting in Japanese victory. The cruiser HMS Exeter and the destroyers HMS Encounter and USS Pope were sunk. The Battle of Sunda Strait ended in Japanese victory. The Allies lost 1 heavy cruiser, 1 light cruiser and 1 destroyer while the Japanese lost 1 minelayer and 4 troopships sunk or grounded.
The land battle for the pass began around noon of 5 March, when Japanese vanguard light tanks encountered Dutch fortifications in form of pillboxes and a 5-cm gun. Dutch defenders were supported by just a single battery of four guns, which did not have a significant effect on the fighting. [ 21 ]
The East Indies was one of Japan's primary targets if and when it went to war because the colony possessed abundant valuable resources, the most important of which were its rubber plantations and oil fields; [13] [14] the colony was the fourth-largest exporter of oil in the world, behind the U.S., Iran, and Romania.
Britain returned Java and other East Indian possessions to the newly independent United Kingdom of the Netherlands under the terms of the Convention of London in 1814. One enduring legacy of the British occupation was the road rules, as the British had decreed that traffic should drive on the left , and this has endured in Indonesia to this day.
During the Battle of Java, the Battalion distinguished itself supporting the Australian defense of Leuwiliang and fighting alongside the Dutch at Porong. The Battalion would later be awarded a Presidential Unit Citation. [5] On 8 March 1942, the allies in the Dutch East Indies surrendered to the Japanese.
On 18 January 1942 Stoové's squadron headed back to Java for the defense of the islands of the Dutch East Indies. Stoové, together with seven other Brewster Buffalo pilots flew to Semplak, while the other pilots went to Andir and Tjilitian. As the Dutch retreated on the 18th for the defense of Java, they just missed the Battle of Singapore.