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This is the most common situation, in which the extra digit is on the ulnar side of the hand, thus the side of the little finger. This can also be called postaxial polydactyly. It can manifest itself very subtly, for instance only as a nubbin on the ulnar side of the little finger, or very distinctly, as a fully developed finger.
It is an abductor of the little finger [1] at the metacarpophalangeal joint. [6] It is also possible that the muscle contributes to extension of the middle phalanx of the little finger through its connection to finger's extensor mechanism. [5] It plays an important role when the hand is grasping large objects with outspread fingers. [7]
Joints of the hand, X-ray Interphalangeal ligaments and phalanges. Right hand. Deep dissection. Posterior (dorsal) view. The PIP joint exhibits great lateral stability. Its transverse diameter is greater than its antero-posterior diameter and its thick collateral ligaments are tight in all positions during flexion, contrary to those in the metacarpophalangeal joint.
It is considered an extrinsic hand muscle because it acts on the hand while its muscle belly is located in the forearm. Together the flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus, and flexor digitorum profundus form the deep layer of ventral forearm muscles. [2] The muscle is named from Latin 'deep bender of the fingers'.
Clinodactyly is a medical term describing the curvature of a digit (a finger or toe) in the plane of the palm, most commonly the fifth finger (the "little finger") towards the adjacent fourth finger (the "ring finger").
The primary function of flexor digitorum superficialis is flexion of the middle phalanges of the four fingers (excluding the thumb) at the proximal interphalangeal joints, however under continued action it also flexes the metacarpophalangeal joints and wrist joint.
Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a disorder characterized by catching or locking of the involved finger in full or near full flexion, typically with force. [2] There may be tenderness in the palm of the hand near the last skin crease (distal palmar crease ). [ 3 ]
Type A2 is a very rare form of brachydactyly. The phalanges of the index fingers and second toes are shortened. [9] Type A3, BDA3: 112700: HOXD13: Brachydactyly type A3, brachymesophalangy V or brachydactyly-clinodactyly. Type A3 only shortens the middle bone of the little finger. [9] Type A4, BDA4: 112800: HOXD13: 2q31-q32