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The concept of hyperuniformity [28] has broadened the range of photonic band gap materials, beyond photonic crystals. By applying the technique in supersymmetric quantum mechanics , a new class of optical disordered materials has been suggested, [ 29 ] which support band gaps perfectly equivalent to those of crystals or quasicrystals .
The photonic band gap (PBG) is essentially the gap between the air-line and the dielectric-line in the dispersion relation of the PBG system. To design photonic crystal systems, it is essential to engineer the location and size of the bandgap by computational modeling using any of the following methods:
In semiconductors, the band gap of a semiconductor can be of two basic types, a direct band gap (DBGSC) or an indirect band gap (IDBGSC). The minimal-energy state in the conduction band and the maximal-energy state in the valence band are each characterized by a certain crystal momentum (k-vector) in the Brillouin zone. If the k-vectors are ...
More specific categories of PCF include photonic-bandgap fiber (PCFs that confine light by band gap effects), holey fiber (PCFs using air holes in their cross-sections), hole-assisted fiber (PCFs guiding light by a conventional higher-index core modified by the presence of air holes), and Bragg fiber (photonic-bandgap fiber formed by concentric ...
In 1987, while at Princeton he co-invented, along with Eli Yablonovitch, the concept of a new class of materials with a photonic band gap called photonic crystals. This provided a fuller explanation of his original conception (1984) of the localization of light. He was a laboratory consultant to Bell Communications Research (Red Bank, NJ) in ...
Technologically, colloidal crystals have found application in the world of optics as photonic band gap (PBG) materials (or photonic crystals). Synthetic opals as well as inverse opal configurations are being formed either by natural sedimentation or applied forces, both achieving similar results: long-range ordered structures which provide a ...
The fundamental feature of photonic crystals is the photonic bandgap, that is, the light whose frequency falls in the photonic band gap cannot propagate in the crystal structure, thus resulting in a high reflectivity for incident light and a strong confinement of light to a small volume of wavelength scale.
Thomas F Krauss FRSE is a physics researcher at the University of York, where he is the head of the photonics group and of the nanocentre cleanroom.Before he was head of the school of physics and astronomy at the University of St Andrews.