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The International Council of Shopping Centers, based in New York City, classifies two types of shopping centers as malls: regional malls and superregional malls.A regional mall, per the International Council of Shopping Centers, is a shopping mall with 400,000 sq ft (37,000 m 2) to 800,000 sq ft (74,000 m 2) gross leasable area with at least two anchor stores. [8]
Shopping mall in Warsaw, Poland. In the post-war period, an American architect, Victor Gruen developed a concept for a shopping mall; a planned, self-contained shopping complex complete with an indoor plaza, statues, planting schemes, piped music, and car parking. Gruen's vision was to create a shopping atmosphere where people felt so ...
First enclosed shopping center/mall other than arcades 1956 Southdale Center: Edina, MN near Minneapolis, US Second enclosed shopping center/mall other than arcades 1986 West Edmonton Mall: Edmonton, Canada Largest mall in the world 1986–2004 1992 Mall of America: Bloomington, MN near Minneapolis, US Largest mall in the U.S. since 1992 2005
True suburbanization took off after World War II with the opening of very large shopping centers like Crenshaw Center (1947), [74] Lakewood Center (1952), [75] Valley Plaza (1951) – in the mid-1950s claiming to be the largest shopping center on the West Coast of the United States and the third-largest in the country, [76] and Panorama City ...
Built several years after the close of World War II, the original Westgate Center opened in 1954. The first such shopping mall in Greater Cleveland, 8.5 miles (13.7 km) from downtown's Public Square, and the first suburban shopping mall in Ohio, as one of the first post-war suburban retail centers with department store anchors in the United States, situated on a 55-acre (22 ha) parcel.
During World War II the track was used as the Tanforan Assembly Center where Japanese American citizens, primarily from the San Francisco Bay Area, were interned until more permanent War Relocation Centers were opened. A shopping mall was built on the site and opened in 1971. The mall underwent a 3-year renovation, and reopened in 2005. [3]
This type of mall attracts consumers from a broad radius (up to a 160-km). A regional mall can contain at least two department stores or "anchor stores". [35] One of the biggest malls in the world is the one near Miami, called "Sawgrass Mills Mall": it has 2,370,610 square feet (220,237 m2) of retail selling space, with over 329 retail outlets ...
During World War II, the temporary buildings clustered near 7th Street on the south edge of the Mall were Buildings D, E, R, and S. Additionally, Buildings T and U were built near 14th Street on the north side of the Mall. [9] After World War II, Buildings E and R were occupied by the Veterans Administration, and Building S by the Department of ...