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In genetics and molecular biology, a corepressor is a molecule that represses the expression of genes. [1] In prokaryotes, corepressors are small molecules whereas in eukaryotes, corepressors are proteins. A corepressor does not directly bind to DNA, but instead indirectly regulates gene expression by binding to repressors.
Corepressor proteins also bind to the surface of the ligand binding domain of nuclear receptors, but through a LXXXIXXX(I/L) motif of amino acids (where L = leucine, I = isoleucine and X = any amino acid). [7] In addition, compressors bind preferentially to the apo (ligand free) form of the nuclear receptor (or possibly antagonist bound receptor).
The binding of a ligand hormone causes the corepressor to dissociate and a coactivator is recruited. The activator bound coactivator recruits RNA polymerase and other transcription machinery that then begins transcribing the target gene.
The ability of nuclear receptors to alternate between activation and repression in response to specific molecular cues, is now known to be attributable in large part to a diverse group of cellular factors, collectively termed coregulators and including coactivators and corepressors.
CtBPs have multiple biological roles and appear to be most important in regulating the epithelial to mesenchymal transition, as well as influencing metabolism. They do the latter by binding NADH in preference to NAD+, thereby sensing the NADH/NAD+ ratio. When bound, it undergoes a conformational change that allows it to dimerize and associate ...
Furthermore, the NRSF-NRSE complex recruits a transcriptional corepressor known as mSin3. [13] This leads to the activity of histone deacetylase in the region and the repression of the gene. Therefore, studies have revealed the correlation between REST/NRSF and RE1/NRSE in regulating the ANP gene expression in ventricular myocytes. A mutation ...
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20185 Ensembl ENSG00000141027 ENSMUSG00000018501 UniProt O75376 Q60974 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001190438 NM_001190440 NM_006311 NM_001252313 NM_011308 NM_177229 RefSeq (protein) NP_001177367 NP_001177369 NP_006302 n/a Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 16.03 – 16.22 Mb Chr 11: 62.21 – 62.35 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The nuclear receptor co-repressor 1 also known as thyroid ...