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In a centrifugal oil and water separator, the force of gravity is one-thousand [citation needed] times greater that of the coalescing plate pack separator or the petrol interceptor, so the separation is much greater. Not only is the force of separation greater, but there are fewer working parts so maintenance is much easier and cheaper.
Isotonic (of equal water potential)—this prevents water gain or loss by the organelles; Cool—reducing the overall activity of enzyme released later in the procedure; Centrifugation is the first step in most fractionations. Through low-speed centrifugation, cell debris may be removed, leaving a supernatant preserving the contents of the cell.
Large industrial centrifuges are commonly used in water and wastewater treatment to dry sludges. The resulting dry product is often termed cake, and the water leaving a centrifuge after most of the solids have been removed is called centrate. Large industrial centrifuges are also used in the oil industry to remove solids from the drilling fluid.
For applications requiring only separation of a pre-mixed dispersion (e.g. oil/water separation in environmental cleanup), the direct feed offers the option to feed the mixed liquid stream at a low sheer force directly into the rotor. Inside the rotor, the liquids will be separated into a heavy (blue) and a light (yellow) phase.
Downhole oil–water separation (DOWS) technology is an emerging technology that separates oil and gas from produced water at the bottom of the well, and re-injects most of the produced water into another formation which is usually deeper than the producing formation, while the oil and gas rich stream is pumped to the surface.
On the other hand, the centrifuge is also useful for treating water, an oil and gas by product, by removing oil contaminants before discharging back to the sea, as required by law. Moreover, emulsion of oil and water can be further treated to produce more oil by separating oil, water and impurities using the conical plate centrifuge. [2]
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