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Topical atropine is used as a cycloplegic, to temporarily paralyze the accommodation reflex, and as a mydriatic, to dilate the pupils. [15] Atropine degrades slowly, typically wearing off in 7 to 14 days, so it is generally used as a therapeutic mydriatic, whereas tropicamide (a shorter-acting cholinergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (an α-adrenergic agonist) is preferred as an aid to ...
Cognitive function decline (Confusion, memory loss and difficulty in concentration) [18] paralysis, Tachycardia, [19] Hypotension (Anticholinergics are histamine-inducing, leading to vasodilation during anaphylactic reaction, hence a dropping in blood pressure), [20] constipation, dry mouth, dry eyes, hypohidrosis/ anhidrosis, blurry vision, or ...
Organophosphate based nerve agent poisoning, such as VX, sarin, tabun, and soman (atropine is favoured in conjunction with an oxime, usually pralidoxime) [6] [7] Anticholinergics generally have antisialagogue effects (decreasing saliva production), and most produce some level of sedation, both being advantageous in surgical procedures.
Patients who have accommodative spasm may benefit from being given glasses or contacts that account for the problem or by using vision therapy techniques to regain control of the accommodative system. Possible clinical findings include: Normal Amplitude of accommodation; Normal Near point of convergence; Reduced Negative relative accommodation
Mydriasis is the dilation of the pupil, usually having a non-physiological cause, [3] or sometimes a physiological pupillary response. [4] Non-physiological causes of mydriasis include disease, trauma, or the use of certain types of drug.
In addition, alcohol causes fragmented sleep and suppresses REM sleep, which plays a role in helping your brain process and consolidate new information and helps ensure better mental concentration ...
The main contraindication for ipratropium in any form is hypersensitivity to atropine and related substances. [20] [21]Conditions such as narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia, or bladder neck obstruction are not necessarily contraindicators, but should be taken into account, particularly if the patient is receiving an anticholinergic by another route.
Once reserved for athletes, eccentric exercise is becoming increasingly popular in everyday training and physical therapy—especially for people with musculoskeletal conditions like Parkinson’s ...