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  2. Atmospheric instability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_instability

    Atmospheric instability is a condition where the Earth's atmosphere is considered to be unstable and as a result local weather is highly variable through distance and time. [ clarification needed ] [ 1 ] Atmospheric instability encourages vertical motion, which is directly correlated to different types of weather systems and their severity.

  3. List of severe weather phenomena - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_severe_weather...

    Cold drop (Spanish: gota fría; archaic as a meteorological term), colloquially, any high impact rainfall event along the Mediterranean coast of Spain; Drought, a prolonged water supply shortage, often caused by persistent lack of, or much reduced, rainfall; Floods. Flash flood; Rainstorm; Red rain in Kerala (for related phenomena, see Blood ...

  4. Calima (Saharan sand) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calima_(Saharan_sand)

    The region near the surface in the Sahara undergoes strong warming through heat transfer from the underlying layer. This extreme diurnal warming creates instability in the lowest layer of the atmosphere, warming and drying the air near the surface and cooling while humidifying the air near the top of the layer through convective mixing. [3]

  5. Stable and unstable stratification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stable_and_unstable...

    Atmospheric instability; Atmospheric stratification, the dividing of the upper reaches of the Earth's atmosphere into stably-stratified layers; Atmospheric circulation, caused by the unstable stratification of the atmosphere; Thermohaline circulation, circulation in the oceans despite stable stratification.

  6. Convective available potential energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convective_available...

    Some atmospheric conditions, such as very warm, moist, air in an atmosphere that cools rapidly with height, can promote strong and sustained upward air movement, possibly stimulating the formation of cumulus clouds or cumulonimbus (thunderstorm clouds). In that situation the potential energy of the atmosphere to cause upward air movement is ...

  7. Bodies found as severe flash flooding hits southern and ...

    www.aol.com/severe-flash-flooding-hits-southern...

    The strong system is bringing a significant amount of atmospheric instability to the region. Extreme amounts of rainfall are also being enhanced with moisture from the Mediterranean Sea and ...

  8. Convective instability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convective_instability

    Instability results from difference between the adiabatic lapse rate of an air mass and the ambient lapse rate in the atmosphere. [2] If the adiabatic lapse rate is lower than the ambient lapse rate, an air mass displaced upward cools less rapidly than the air in which it is moving. Hence, such an air mass becomes warmer relative to the ...

  9. Climate of Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Spain

    Because of the Foehn effect, the southern slopes fall inside the rain shadow zone and so Green Spain contrasts starkly with the rest of Spain. The rainfall is generally abundant, exceeding 1,000 mm (39.4 in) and is fairly evenly spread out over the year, with the driest month above 30 mm (1.2 in), which is the minimum criteria for an oceanic ...