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2. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_cervical...

   Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a surgical procedure to treat nerve root or spinal cord compression by decompressing the spinal cord and nerve roots of the cervical spine with a discectomy, followed by inter-vertebral fusion to stabilize the corresponding vertebrae. [1]

3. Spinal fusion - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_fusion

   Spinal fusion, also called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgery performed by orthopaedic surgeons or neurosurgeons that joins two or more vertebrae. [1] This procedure can be performed at any level in the spine (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral) and prevents any movement between the fused vertebrae.

4. Discectomy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discectomy

   A discectomy (also called open discectomy, if done through a 1/2 inch or larger skin opening) is the surgical removal of abnormal disc material that presses on a nerve root or the spinal cord. The procedure involves removing a portion of an intervertebral disc , which causes pain, weakness or numbness by stressing the spinal cord or radiating ...

5. Degenerative disc disease - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degenerative_disc_disease

   Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: A procedure that reaches the cervical spine (neck) through a small incision in the front of the neck. The intervertebral disc is removed and replaced with a small plug of bone or other graft substitute, along with a height restoration device to un-impinge nerves, and in time, the vertebrae will fuse ...

6. Ralph Bingham Cloward - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Bingham_Cloward

   Ralph Bingham Cloward (September 24, 1908 — November 13, 2000) was an American neurosurgeon, best known for his innovations in spinal neurosurgery.Cloward is known for the development of the Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion. [1]

7. Corpectomy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpectomy

   Corpectomy is often performed in association with some form of discectomy. [1] When the vertebral body has been removed, the surgeon performs a vertebral fusion. Because a space in the column remains from the surgery, it must be filled using a block of bone taken from the pelvis or one of the leg bones or with a manufactured component such as a ...