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The politics of Japan are conducted in a framework of a dominant-party bicameral parliamentary representative democratic constitutional monarchy. A hereditary monarch , currently Emperor Naruhito , serves as head of state while the Prime Minister of Japan , currently Shigeru Ishiba since 2024 , serves as the elected head of government .
In 1889, the Meiji Constitution was adopted in a move to strengthen Japan to the level of western nations, resulting in the first parliamentary system in Asia. [13] It provided a form of mixed constitutional-absolute monarchy (a semi-constitutional monarchy), with an independent judiciary, based on the Prussian model of the time. [14]
Constitution of Japan Preamble of the Constitution Overview Original title 日本国憲法 Jurisdiction Japan Presented 3 November 1946 Date effective 3 May 1947 System Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy Government structure Branches Three Head of state None [a] Chambers Bicameral Executive Cabinet, led by a Prime Minister Judiciary Supreme Court Federalism Unitary History First ...
Constitutional monarchy, ... parliamentary monarchy or ... granted by the Charter of 1830 to monarch of the July Monarchy. Japan is the only country ...
On April 30 Emperor Akihito of Japan will abdicate his seat on the Chrysanthemum Throne to make way for his son to rule and usher in the new imperial era of Reiwa in the country. The principality ...
In a parliamentary republic, the head of government is selected or nominated by the legislature and is also accountable to it. The head of state is usually called a president and (in full parliamentary republics) is separate from the head of government, serving a largely apolitical, ceremonial role. In these systems, the head of government is ...
Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba's coalition looks set to lose its parliamentary majority, exit polls from Sunday's general election suggest, meaning a possible scramble by parties to form a ...
The Meiji Constitution was largely based on the form of constitutional monarchy found in nineteenth century Prussia that placed the king not as a servant of the state but rather the sole holder of power and sovereignty over his kingdom, which the Japanese view of their emperor and his role at the time favoured. [26]