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  2. DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

    In the single stranded DNA viruses—a group that includes the circoviruses, the geminiviruses, the parvoviruses and others—and also the many phages and plasmids that use the rolling circle replication (RCR) mechanism, the RCR endonuclease creates a nick in the genome strand (single stranded viruses) or one of the DNA strands (plasmids).

  3. Eukaryotic DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_DNA_replication

    During DNA replication, the replisome will unwind the parental duplex DNA into a two single-stranded DNA template replication fork in a 5' to 3' direction. The leading strand is the template strand that is being replicated in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork.

  4. DNA - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA

    In humans, replication protein A is the best-understood member of this family and is used in processes where the double helix is separated, including DNA replication, recombination, and DNA repair. [123] These binding proteins seem to stabilize single-stranded DNA and protect it from forming stem-loops or being degraded by nucleases.

  5. Meselson–Stahl experiment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meselson–Stahl_experiment

    Semiconservative replication would result in double-stranded DNA with one strand of 15 N DNA, and one of 14 N DNA, while dispersive replication would result in double-stranded DNA with both strands having mixtures of 15 N and 14 N DNA, either of which would have appeared as DNA of an intermediate density.

  6. Okazaki fragments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okazaki_fragments

    Asymmetry in the synthesis of leading and lagging strands. Okazaki fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides (approximately 150 to 200 base pairs long in eukaryotes) which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase to create the lagging strand during DNA replication. [1]

  7. Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_Structure_of...

    DNA replication. The two base-pair complementary chains of the DNA molecule allow replication of the genetic instructions. The "specific pairing" is a key feature of the Watson and Crick model of DNA, the pairing of nucleotide subunits. [5] In DNA, the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine. The A:T ...

  8. Nucleic acid double helix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_double_helix

    The double-helix model of DNA structure was first published in the journal Nature by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953, [6] (X,Y,Z coordinates in 1954 [7]) based on the work of Rosalind Franklin and her student Raymond Gosling, who took the crucial X-ray diffraction image of DNA labeled as "Photo 51", [8] [9] and Maurice Wilkins, Alexander Stokes, and Herbert Wilson, [10] and base-pairing ...

  9. Directionality (molecular biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directionality_(molecular...

    A furanose (sugar-ring) molecule with carbon atoms labeled using standard notation. The 5′ is upstream; the 3′ is downstream. DNA and RNA are synthesized in the 5′-to-3′ direction. Directionality, in molecular biology and biochemistry, is the end-to-end chemical orientation of a single strand of nucleic acid.