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  2. DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_replication

    The replication fork is a structure that forms within the long helical DNA during DNA replication. It is produced by enzymes called helicases that break the hydrogen bonds that hold the DNA strands together in a helix.

  3. Eukaryotic DNA replication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryotic_DNA_replication

    The process of semiconservative replication for the site of DNA replication is a fork-like DNA structure, the replication fork, where the DNA helix is open, or unwound, exposing unpaired DNA nucleotides for recognition and base pairing for the incorporation of free nucleotides into double-stranded DNA. [3]

  4. Replisome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Replisome

    Replisome assembly at an origin of replication is roughly divided into three phases. For bacteria: Formation of pre-replication complex. DnaA binds to the origin recognition complex and separates the duplex. This attracts DnaB helicase and DnaC, which maintain the replication bubble. Formation of pre-initiation complex.

  5. DNA unwinding element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_unwinding_element

    A DNA unwinding element (DUE or DNAUE) is the initiation site for the opening of the double helix structure of the DNA at the origin of replication for DNA synthesis. [1] It is A-T rich and denatures easily due to its low helical stability, [ 2 ] which allows the single-strand region to be recognized by origin recognition complex .

  6. File:DNA replication en.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DNA_replication_en.svg

    The factual accuracy of this diagram or the file name is disputed. ... DNA replication or DNA synthesis is the process of copying a double-stranded DNA molecule. This ...

  7. Circular chromosome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular_chromosome

    John Cairns demonstrated the theta structure of E. coli chromosomal replication in 1963, using an innovative method to visualize DNA replication. In his experiment, he radioactively labeled the chromosome by growing his cultures in a medium containing 3H-thymidine. The nucleoside base was incorporated uniformly into the bacterial chromosome.

  8. Okazaki fragments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okazaki_fragments

    This replication is slow, and sometimes about 100 nucleotides per second are added. We take from this that prokaryotic cells are simpler in structure, they have no nucleus, organelles, and very little of DNA, in the form of a single chromosome. Eukaryotic cells have nucleus with multiple organelles and more DNA arranged in linear chromosomes.

  9. DNA polymerase III holoenzyme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_polymerase_III_holoenzyme

    After replication of the desired region, the RNA primer is removed by DNA polymerase I via the process of nick translation. The removal of the RNA primer allows DNA ligase to ligate the DNA-DNA nick between the new fragment and the previous strand. DNA polymerase I & III, along with many other enzymes are all required for the high fidelity ...