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Philosophy in classical Greece is the ultimate origin of the Western conception of the nature of things. [8]According to Aristotle, the philosophical study of human nature itself originated with Socrates, who turned philosophy from study of the heavens to study of the human things. [13]
Going further, the philosophical concept of nature or natures as a special type of causation - for example that the way particular humans are is partly caused by something called "human nature" is an essential step towards Aristotle's teaching concerning causation, which became standard in all Western philosophy until the arrival of modern science.
It is commonly recognised [23] that Aristotle's conception of nature is teleological in the sense that Nature exhibits functionality in a more general sense than is exemplified in the purposes that humans have. Aristotle observed that a telos does not necessarily involve deliberation, intention, consciousness, or intelligence: [24]
The theory of human nature by Aristotle includes the philosophy of both natural and social human endowment. [14] Social endowment flows from the natural capacities of people like their ability to think and make rational decisions. The gathering of communities and establishing of states are a result of rational decisions people make.
Aristotle bases his ethical theory on this teleological worldview. Because of his form, a human being has certain abilities. Because of his form, a human being has certain abilities. Hence, his purpose in life is to exercise those abilities as well and as fully as possible. [ 55 ]
[2] From this, Aristotle defines natural slavery in two phases. The first is the natural slave's existence and characteristics. The second is the natural slave in society and in interaction with their master. According to Aristotle, natural slaves' main features and include being pieces of property, tools for actions, and belonging to others. [3]
Aristotle was the first to use ... the divergent conceptions of human nature may be partitioned into ... Before evolution was developed as a scientific theory, ...
Aristotle states that mimesis is a natural instinct of humanity that separates humans from animals [151] [153] and that all human artistry "follows the pattern of nature". [151] Because of this, Aristotle believed that each of the mimetic arts possesses what Stephen Halliwell calls "highly structured procedures for the achievement of their ...