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The Roman Empire was one of the largest in history, with contiguous territories throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. [56] The Latin phrase imperium sine fine ("empire without end" [ 57 ] ) expressed the ideology that neither time nor space limited the Empire.
Byzantine Rome and the Greek Popes: Eastern influences on Rome and the papacy from Gregory the Great to Zacharias, A.D. 590–752. Lexington Books. Gregorovius, Ferdinand. History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages. Fields, Nic (2007). The Roman Army of the Punic Wars 264–146 BC. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-145-8.
By 258, the Roman Empire broke up into three competing states. The Roman provinces of Gaul, Britain and Hispania broke off to form the Gallic Empire and, two years later in 260, the eastern provinces of Syria, Palestine and Aegyptus became independent as the Palmyrene Empire, leaving the remaining Italian-centred Roman Empire-proper in the middle.
Education in the Middle Ages relied heavily on Greco-Roman books such as Euclid's Elements and the influential quadrivium textbooks written in Latin by the Roman statesman Boethius (AD 480–524). Major works of Greek and Latin literature, moreover, were both read and written by Christians during the imperial era.
It helps to explain why so many capitals in Europe and America are replete with monuments inspired by imperial Rome. Yet the shadow these buildings cast in the 21 st century is not merely a Roman ...
Although it was assaulted and militarily overcome on several occasions, it did exist as a stalwart presence from the later 3rd millennium BC to the middle of the 6th century BC. After the fall of the Assyrian Empire in 612 BC, [11] the Babylonian Empire was the most powerful state in the ancient world. Its capital, Babylon, was beautifully ...
So, like Rome, everyone always thinks it is declining. According to Rome’s historians, from the earliest time onward, Rome was declining, and the decline of the U.S. is also a recurring theme."
Rome is often referred to as the City of Seven Hills due to its geographic location, and also as the "Eternal City". Rome is generally considered to be the cradle of Western civilization and Western Christian culture, and the centre of the Catholic Church. [7] [8] [9] Rome's history spans 28 centuries.