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The Ii antigen system is a human blood group system based upon a gene on chromosome 6 and consisting of the I antigen and the i antigen. [1] The I antigen is normally present on the cell membrane of red blood cells in all adults, while the i antigen is present in fetuses and newborns. [2]
Ii antigen system; Indian blood group system; J. Junior blood group system; K. ... Lan blood group system; Lewis antigen system; LU domain; Lutheran antigen system; M.
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HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain also known as HLA-DR antigens-associated invariant chain or CD74 (Cluster of Differentiation 74), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD74 gene. [5] [6] The invariant chain (Abbreviated Ii) is a polypeptide which plays a critical role in antigen presentation.
CD32 is a type I transmembrane protein with a helical transmembrane region. [2] Whereas the extracellular region consists of three immunoglobulin domains (roughly 100 a.a. in length), the cytosolic region varies by subtype.
HLA-DP is a protein/peptide-antigen receptor and graft-versus-host disease antigen that is composed of 2 subunits, DPα and DPβ. DPα and DPβ are encoded by two loci, HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1, that are found in the MHC Class II (or HLA-D) region in the Human Leukocyte Antigen complex on human chromosome 6 (see protein boxes on right for links).
Class II MHC molecules present extracellular antigens, allowing helper T-cells to detect bacteria, [11] fungi, and parasites. [2] Class II MHC tetramer use is becoming more common, but the tetramers are more difficult to create than class I tetramers and the bond between helper T-cells and MHC molecules is even weaker.
MHC pentamers have been used in the detection of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells in flow cytometry, [12] and are cited in over 750 peer reviewed publications , including several in the journals Nature [22] and Science. [23] [24] MHC pentamers can also be used in tissue staining, [25] and in magnetic isolation of antigen-specific T cells. [26]