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After cataract surgery, patients with diabetes mellitus are generally acknowledged to have an increased risk of macular edema. [ 12 ] A prior history of retinal vein occlusion was the only significant preoperative risk factor in a large retrospective series of 1659 consecutive cataract surgeries.
Uveitis–glaucoma–hyphaema (UGH) syndrome, also known as Ellingson syndrome, is a complication of cataract surgery, caused by intraocular lens subluxation or dislocation. The chafing of mispositioned intraocular lens over iris , ciliary body or iridocorneal angle cause elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) anterior uveitis and hyphema .
Cataract surgery is the removal of the natural lens of the eye that has developed a cataract, an opaque or cloudy area. [3] Over time, metabolic changes of the crystalline lens fibres lead to the development of a cataract, causing impairment or loss of vision.
The primary causes include post-cataract surgery, certain medications, and, less commonly, neurological or ophthalmological conditions. Post-cataract surgery is a common cause, as replacing the natural lens with a synthetic one increases exposure to blue light, leading to temporary blue-tinted vision. This effect usually resolves as the eye adapts.
Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) is a complication that may occur during cataract extraction in certain patients. This syndrome is characterized by a flaccid iris which billows in response to ordinary intraocular fluid currents, a propensity for this floppy iris to prolapse towards the area of cataract extraction during surgery, and progressive intraoperative pupil constriction ...
PEX has been known to cause a weakening of structures within the eye which help hold the eye's lens in place, called lens zonules. [2] The literature recognizes pseudoexfoliation syndrome as a risk factor in cataract surgery. A review based on 999 eyes with pseudoexfoliation reported 156 intra- or postoperative incidents.
Macular edema sometimes occurs for a few days or weeks (sometimes even much longer) after cataract surgery, but most such cases can be successfully treated with NSAID or cortisone eye drops. Prophylactic use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has been reported to reduce the risk of macular edema to some extent. [10]
An intracameral injection is usually of an antibiotic into the anterior chamber of the eyeball to prevent endophthalmitis caused by an infection of the eye that can occur after cataract surgery. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved antibiotics for this use and it is considered 'off-label'.