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Pentane is an organic compound with the formula C 5 H 12 —that is, an alkane with five carbon atoms. The term may refer to any of three structural isomers, or to a mixture of them: in the IUPAC nomenclature, however, pentane means exclusively the n-pentane isomer, in which case pentanes refers to a mixture of them; the other two are called isopentane (methylbutane) and neopentane ...
The optical center is the middle carbon of the pentane backbone, which is connected to one hydrogen atom, one methyl group, one ethyl group – C 2 H 5, and one isopropyl group – CH(CH 3) 2. The two enantiomers are denoted (3R)-2,3-dimethylpentane and (3S)-2,3-dimethylpentane (the other simplest chiral alkane is its structural isomer 3 ...
It is of similar structure to the isomeric 2-methylpentane, which has the methyl group located on the second carbon of the pentane chain. As of early 1990s, it was present in American [ 3 ] and European [ 4 ] gasoline in small amounts, and by 2011 its share in US gas varied between 1.5 and 6% [ 5 ] It has close research and motor octane numbers ...
Skeletal structure of 3,3-dimethylpentane. Ball-and-Stick model of 3,3-dimethylpentane. Names Preferred IUPAC name. 3,3-Dimethylpentane. Identifiers CAS Number.
2-Methylpentane, trivially known as isohexane, is a branched-chain alkane with the molecular formula C 6 H 14.It is a structural isomer of hexane composed of a methyl group bonded to the second carbon atom in a pentane chain.
It is one of three structural isomers with the molecular formula C 5 H 12, the others being pentane (n-pentane) and neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane). Isopentane is commonly used in conjunction with liquid nitrogen to achieve a liquid bath temperature of −160 °C.
The structure of 3-methylpentane is viewed as consisting of two parts. First, five atoms comprise the longest straight chain of carbon centers. The parent five-carbon compound is named pentane (highlighted blue). The methyl "substituent" or "group" is highlighted red.
The type of clathrate formed is called "clathrate H". 2,2-Dimethylpentane was the first compound for which the structure was determined. The clathrate has 34 molecules of water per molecule, and also has xenon and hydrogen sulfide as helper molecules. The crystals are hexagonal in form and melt at 0.6 °C.