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Basidiomycota are filamentous fungi composed of hyphae (except for basidiomycota-yeast) and reproduce sexually via the formation of specialized club-shaped end cells called basidia that normally bear external meiospores (usually four). These specialized spores are called basidiospores. [4] However, some Basidiomycota are obligate asexual ...
This is a list of families in the phylum Basidiomycota of kingdom Fungi.The Basidiomycota are the second largest phyla of the fungi, containing 31515 species. [1] The phylum is divided into three subphyla, the Pucciniomycotina (rust fungi), the Ustilaginomycotina (smut fungi), the Agaricomycotina, and two classes of uncertain taxonomic status (incertae sedis), the Wallemiomycetes and the ...
They are mostly Ustilaginomycetes (phylum Basidiomycota) and comprise seven of the 15 orders of the subphylum. Most described smuts belong to two orders, Ustilaginales and Tilletiales . [ 1 ] The smuts are normally grouped with the other basidiomycetes because of their commonalities concerning sexual reproduction.
The English word fungus is directly adopted from the Latin fungus (mushroom), used in the writings of Horace and Pliny. [10] This in turn is derived from the Greek word sphongos (σφόγγος 'sponge'), which refers to the macroscopic structures and morphology of mushrooms and molds; [11] the root is also used in other languages, such as the German Schwamm ('sponge') and Schimmel ('mold').
Pucciniomycetes (formerly known as Urediniomycetidae) is a diverse class of fungi in the subphylum Pucciniomycotina of phylum Basidiomycota. [3] The class contains 5 orders, 21 families, 190 genera, and approximately 8,016 species. [4] It has been estimated that this class contains about one third of all teleomorphic basidiomycetes.
The phylum Basidiomycota can be divided into three major lineages: mushrooms, rusts and smuts. Fusion of haploid nuclei ( karyogamy ) occurs in the basidia, club-shaped end cells. Shortly after formation of the diploid cell, meiosis occurs and the resulting four haploid nuclei migrate into four, usually external cells called basidiospores .
Cross-section of a Coprinus mushroom gill, showing basidia (magnified 400×). Coprinus is a small genus of mushroom-forming fungi consisting of Coprinus comatus—the shaggy ink cap or shaggy mane ()—and several of its close relatives.
Heterobasidiomycetes correspond to most Basidiomycota other than the homobasidiomycetes: the subphyla Ustilaginomycotina , Pucciniomycotina (rusts and a variety of other forms), and from the subphylum Agaricomycotina the classes Tremellomycetes and Dacrymycetes, the orders Auriculariales and Sebacinales within the class Agaricomycetes, and the ...