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  2. Nephron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nephron

    The structure and function of the epithelial cells lining the lumen change during the course of the nephron, and have segments named by their location and which reflects their different functions. Fig.4) Diagram outlining movement of ions in nephron, with the collecting ducts on the right.

  3. Urinary system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_system

    In the human urinary system there are two kidneys that are located between the dorsal body wall and parietal peritoneum on both the left and right sides. The formation of urine begins within the functional unit of the kidney, the nephrons. Urine then flows through the nephrons, through a system of converging tubules called collecting ducts.

  4. Kidney - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney

    Each adult human kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, while a mouse kidney contains only about 12,500 nephrons. The kidneys also carry out functions independent of the nephrons. For example, they convert a precursor of vitamin D to its active form, calcitriol; and synthesize the hormones erythropoietin and renin.

  5. Renal physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology

    The body is very sensitive to its pH. Outside the range of pH that is compatible with life, proteins are denatured and digested, enzymes lose their ability to function, and the body is unable to sustain itself. The kidneys maintain acid-base homeostasis by regulating the pH of the blood plasma. Gains and losses of acid and base must be balanced.

  6. Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate

    Upon presentation of decreased renal function, it is recommended to perform a history and physical examination, as well as performing a renal ultrasound and a urinalysis. [ citation needed ] The most relevant items in the history are medications , edema , nocturia , gross hematuria , family history of kidney disease, diabetes and polyuria .

  7. Kidney (vertebrates) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_(vertebrates)

    The nephrons of the mesonephros, the functional organ in most anamniotes called opisthonephros, [20] are slightly more complex than those of the pronephros. [19] The main difference between the pronephros and the mesonephros is that the pronephros consists of non-integrated nephrons with external glomeruli. [ 7 ]

  8. What Is Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Men? Causes, Symptoms ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/pelvic-floor-dysfunction...

    Causes of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Men. The causes of pelvic floor dysfunction aren’t well understood. Experts know that weakened muscles and connective tissue in the pelvis can contribute to ...

  9. Collecting duct system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collecting_duct_system

    The collecting duct system is the final component of the kidney to influence the body's electrolyte and fluid balance. In humans, the system accounts for 4–5% of the kidney's reabsorption of sodium and 5% of the kidney's reabsorption of water. At times of extreme dehydration, over 24% of the filtered water may be reabsorbed in the collecting ...