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Scheme of a molten-carbonate fuel cell. Molten-carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) are high-temperature fuel cells that operate at temperatures of 600 °C and above.. Molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) were developed for natural gas, biogas (produced as a result of anaerobic digestion or biomass gasification), and coal-based power plants for electrical utility, industrial, and military applications.
The cell produces energy by combining carbon and oxygen, which releases carbon dioxide as a by-product. [3] It is also called coal fuel cells (CFCs), carbon-air fuel cells (CAFCs), direct carbon/coal fuel cells (DCFCs), and DC-SOFC. The total reaction of the cell is C + O 2 → CO 2. The process in half cell notation: Anode: C + 2O 2− → CO ...
Molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFCs) require a high operating temperature, 650 °C (1,200 °F), similar to SOFCs. MCFCs use lithium potassium carbonate salt as an electrolyte, and this salt liquefies at high temperatures, allowing for the movement of charge within the cell – in this case, negative carbonate ions. [53]
It designs, manufactures, operates and services Direct Fuel Cell power plants, which is a type of molten carbonate fuel cell. As one of the biggest publicly traded fuel cell manufacturers in the U.S., [3] the company provides clean energy in over 50 locations all over the world. [4]
A fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device. Fuel cells differ from batteries in that they are designed for continuous replenishment of the reactants consumed; Subcategories
Direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC) Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) Electro-galvanic fuel cell (EGFC) Flow battery (RFC) Formic acid fuel cell (FAFC) Metal hydride fuel cell (MHFC) Microbial fuel cell (MFC) Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) Photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)
A protonic ceramic fuel cell or PCFC is a fuel cell based around a ceramic, solid, electrolyte material as the proton conductor from anode to cathode. [1] These fuel cells produce electricity by removing an electron from a hydrogen atom, pushing the charged hydrogen atom through the ceramic membrane, and returning the electron to the hydrogen ...
The underlying progress in the development of a coal-based DCFC has been categorized mainly according to the electrolyte materials used, such as solid oxide, molten carbonate, and molten hydroxide, as well as hybrid systems consisting of solid oxide and molten carbonate binary electrolyte or of liquid anode (Fe, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, Bi, and its ...