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The SI unit of molar absorption coefficient is the square metre per mole (m 2 /mol), but in practice, quantities are usually expressed in terms of M −1 ⋅cm −1 or L⋅mol −1 ⋅cm −1 (the latter two units are both equal to 0.1 m 2 /mol).
The absorption of electromagnetic radiation by water depends on the state of the water. The absorption in the gas phase occurs in three regions of the spectrum. Rotational transitions are responsible for absorption in the microwave and far-infrared , vibrational transitions in the mid-infrared and near-infrared .
An overview of absorption of electromagnetic radiation.This example shows the general principle using visible light as a specific example. A white light source—emitting light of multiple wavelengths—is focused on a sample (the pairs of complementary colors are indicated by the yellow dotted lines).
in which A is the absorbance measured by the instrument, ε is the molar absorption coefficient of the sample, l is the pathlength of the light beam through the sample, and c is the concentration of the substance in the solution or medium. [12]
set terminal svg enhanced size 850 680 font "Helvetica, 20" linewidth 3 set logscale y set output 'Absorption coefficient of water.svg' unset key set ylabel 'Absorbance coefficient (m^{-1})' set xlabel 'Wavelenght (nm)' plot [380: 800] "data.txt" using (1000 * $ 1): 2 with lines
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Tables of X-Ray Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Mass Energy-Absorption Coefficients from 1 keV to 20 MeV for Elements Z = 1 to 92 and 48 Additional Substances of Dosimetric Interest; IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "Absorption coefficient". doi:10.1351/goldbook ...
‡ Second column of table indicates solubility at each given temperature in volume of CO 2 as it would be measured at 101.3 kPa and 0 °C per volume of water. The solubility is given for "pure water", i.e., water which contain only CO 2. This water is going to be acidic. For example, at 25 °C the pH of 3.9 is expected (see carbonic acid).