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  2. Pentose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose

    Ribose is a constituent of RNA, and the related molecule, deoxyribose, is a constituent of DNA. Phosphorylated pentoses are important products of the pentose phosphate pathway , most importantly ribose 5-phosphate (R5P), which is used in the synthesis of nucleotides and nucleic acids , and erythrose 4-phosphate (E4P), which is used in the ...

  3. Ribose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribose

    L-Ribose Fischer Projection. Ribose is a simple sugar and carbohydrate with molecular formula C 5 H 10 O 5 and the linear-form composition H−(C=O)−(CHOH) 4 −H. The naturally occurring form, d-ribose, is a component of the ribonucleotides from which RNA is built, and so this compound is necessary for coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.

  4. Pentose phosphate pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentose_phosphate_pathway

    The pentose phosphate pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway (also called the phosphogluconate pathway and the hexose monophosphate shunt or HMP shunt) is a metabolic pathway parallel to glycolysis. [1] It generates NADPH and pentoses (five-carbon sugars) as well as ribose 5-phosphate, a precursor for the synthesis of nucleotides. [1]

  5. Ribose 5-phosphate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribose_5-phosphate

    Ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) is both a product and an intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway. The last step of the oxidative reactions in the pentose phosphate pathway is the production of ribulose 5-phosphate. Depending on the body's state, ribulose 5-phosphate can reversibly isomerize to ribose 5-phosphate.

  6. Nucleic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid

    The basic component of biological nucleic acids is the nucleotide, each of which contains a pentose sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nucleobase. [16] Nucleic acids are also generated within the laboratory, through the use of enzymes [17] (DNA and RNA polymerases) and by solid-phase chemical synthesis.

  7. Ribonucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonucleotide

    In biochemistry, a ribonucleotide is a nucleotide containing ribose as its pentose component. It is considered a molecular precursor of nucleic acids. Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA. Ribonucleotides themselves are basic monomeric building blocks for RNA.

  8. Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribose-5-phosphate_isomerase

    Ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (Rpi) encoded by the RPIA gene is an enzyme (EC 5.3.1.6) that catalyzes the conversion between ribose-5-phosphate (R5P) and ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru5P). It is a member of a larger class of isomerases which catalyze the interconversion of chemical isomers (in this case structural isomers of pentose).

  9. Transaldolase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaldolase

    The pentose phosphate pathway has two metabolic functions: (1) generation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (reduced NADPH), for reductive biosynthesis, and (2) formation of ribose, which is an essential component of ATP, DNA, and RNA. Transaldolase links the pentose phosphate pathway to glycolysis.