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This is especially common in children with respiratory infections which antibiotics cannot treat, and in younger children, and in children who have privately purchased health insurance covering their medical expenses. [6] Children who attend childcare are twice as likely to take an antibiotic when sick as children who do not attend childcare. [7]
An infection of this type usually is further classified as an upper respiratory tract infection (URI or URTI) or a lower respiratory tract infection (LRI or LRTI). Lower respiratory infections, such as pneumonia , tend to be far more severe than upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold .
Without active treatment, cases resolved in approximately eight to fifteen days. [27] Children with severe symptoms, especially poor feeding or dehydration, may be considered for hospital admission. [8] Oxygen saturation under 90%-92% as measured with pulse oximetry is also frequently used as an indicator of need for hospitalization. [8]
Strep throat is a common bacterial infection in children. [2] It is the cause of 15–40% of sore throats among children [7] [13] and 5–15% among adults. [8] Cases are more common in late winter and early spring. [13] Potential complications include rheumatic fever and peritonsillar abscess. [1] [2]
Adenovirus infection is a contagious viral disease, caused by adenoviruses, commonly resulting in a respiratory tract infection. [ 1 ] [ 9 ] Typical symptoms range from those of a common cold , such as nasal congestion , rhinitis , and cough , to difficulty breathing as in pneumonia . [ 9 ]
A routine chest X-ray is not always necessary for people who have symptoms of a lower respiratory tract infection. [4] Influenza affects both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. [citation needed] Antibiotics are the first line treatment for pneumonia; however, they are neither effective nor indicated for parasitic or viral infections. Acute ...
In healthy children it may be normal in the absence of any disease to cough ten times a day. [5] The most common cause of an acute or subacute cough is a viral respiratory tract infection. [5] A healthy adult also coughs 18.6 times a day on average, but in the population with respiratory disease the geometric mean frequency is 275 times a day. [6]
Pharyngitis is a type of upper respiratory tract infection. [7] Most cases are caused by a viral infection. [2] Strep throat, a bacterial infection, is the cause in about 25% of children and 10% of adults. [2] Uncommon causes include other bacteria such as gonococcus, fungi, irritants such as smoke, allergies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease.
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