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While basic detention ponds are typically designed to empty within 6 to 12 hours after a storm, extended detention (ED) dry basins improve the basic detention design by lengthening the storage time, for example, to 24 or 48 hours. Longer detention allows for more settling of suspended solids, resulting in higher-quality water. [7]
A stormwater detention vault is an underground structure designed to manage excess stormwater runoff on a developed site, often in an urban setting. This type of best management practice may be selected when there is insufficient space on the site to infiltrate the runoff or build a surface facility such as a detention basin or retention basin .
A retention basin, sometimes called a retention pond, wet detention basin, or storm water management pond (SWMP), is an artificial pond with vegetation around the perimeter and a permanent pool of water in its design.
Waste stabilization ponds consist of man-made basins comprising a single or several series of anaerobic, facultative or maturation ponds. [11] The presence or absence of oxygen varies with the three different types of ponds, used in sequence. Anaerobic waste stabilization ponds have very little dissolved oxygen, thus anaerobic conditions prevail.
Approximately 35–60% of the solids is removed from dilute liquid slurry, with 10 minutes detention time, with a common detention time of 30 to 60 minutes. Due to the inadequate consideration of critical design criteria, most settling basins built were oversized and had low efficiency. [10]
is the initial abstraction, which is the short-term surface storage such as puddles or even possibly detention ponds depending on size; R is surface runoff . The only note on this method is one must be wise about which variables to use and which to omit, for doubles can easily be encountered.
There are recommendations on the overflow rates for each design that ideally take into account the change in particle size as the solids move through the operation: Quiescent zones: 9.4 mm (0.031 ft) per second; Full-flow basins: 4.0 mm (0.013 ft) per second; Off-line basins: 0.46 mm (0.0015 ft) per second [9]
Sediment basin installed on a construction site.. A sediment basin is a temporary pond built on a construction site to capture eroded or disturbed soil that is washed off during rain storms, and protect the water quality of a nearby stream, river, lake, or bay.