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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an infection of the vagina caused by excessive growth of bacteria. [ 6 ] [ 12 ] Common symptoms include increased vaginal discharge that often smells like fish. [ 2 ] The discharge is usually white or gray in color. [ 2 ]
Prevention of bacterial vaginosis includes healthy diets and behaviors as well as minimizing stress as all these factors can affect the pH balance of the vagina. [ 11 ] Prevention of trichomoniasis revolves around avoiding other people's wet towels and hot tubs, and safe-sex procedures, such as condom use.
The flora serves as a defense against the invasion and colonization of opportunistic pathogens including bacterial vaginosis, fungi, viruses, and protozoa. [23] Historically, it was believed that the bacterium Gardnerella caused bacterial vaginosis, but studies have shown that bacterial vaginosis can be caused by a variety of bacteria. [ 24 ]
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in women. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the condition affects nearly 30% of women between 15 and ...
Normal vaginal flora (left) is predominantly rod-shaped Lactobacilli, whereas in bacterial vaginosis (right) there is an overgrowth of bacteria, which can be of various species. A healthy vaginal microbiome aids in the prevention of bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections and other possible problems by maintaining an acidic pH (< 4.5) that is ...
Medicines primarily delivered by intravaginal administration include vaginally administered estrogens and progestogens (a group of hormones including progesterone), and antibacterials and antifungals to treat bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections respectively.
Other diagnosis include bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, candidiasis, and contact irritation from irritants such as soaps, pantyliners, or tight-fitting clothing. [14] For example, a person who does not feel itching is unlikely to have candidiasis and no odor likely rules out bacterial vaginosis.
The disturbance of the naturally occurring vaginal microbiota associated with bacterial vaginosis increases the risk of PID. [19] N. gonorrhoea and C. trachomatis are the most common organisms. The least common were infections caused exclusively by anaerobes and facultative organisms.
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