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Surgical options if the cataracts are bilateral and the vision is compromised include removing the affected lens of the eye and correcting the vision as early as possible so that the infants eyes can develop normally with visual stimuli. Some congenital cataracts are too small to affect vision, therefore no surgery or treatment will be done.
Childhood cataract is cataract that occurs at birth or in childhood. [1] It may be congenital or acquired. Congenital cataracts are defined as the presence of lens opacification during childhood. [2] About 1.14 million children in the world are blind. [3] Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness in children. [4]
Cataracts are most commonly due to aging but may also occur due to trauma or radiation exposure, be present from birth, or occur following eye surgery for other problems. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] Risk factors include diabetes , longstanding use of corticosteroid medication, smoking tobacco , prolonged exposure to sunlight , and alcohol . [ 1 ]
At some point—usually as you enter middle age—most people develop this eye condition, which is a clouding of the eye’s lens that can get progressively worse and impair your vision.
Cataract-surgery coverage widely varied across Latin America, ranging from 15% in El Salvador, to 77% in Uruguay. Barriers cited included cost of surgery and lack of awareness about available surgical treatment. The number of available ophthalmologists appeared to be adequate, but the number of those who practised eye surgery was unknown. [31]
Cataract surgery and IOL implantation have the safest and highest success rates of any eye care-related procedures. As with any type of surgery, however, some level of risk remains. [7] Most complications of cataract surgery do not result in long-term visual impairment, but some severe complications can lead to irreversible blindness. [90]
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