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Superabsorbent polymer powder. A superabsorbent polymer (SAP) (also called slush powder) is a water-absorbing hydrophilic homopolymers or copolymers [1] that can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid relative to its own mass.
The endosmosis of water continues until the water potential both in the root and soil becomes equal. It is the absorption of minerals that utilise metabolic energy, but not water absorption. Hence, the absorption of water is indirectly an active process in a plant's life. Active transport is in an opposite direction to that of diffusion. [1]
Imbibition is a special type of diffusion that takes place when liquid is absorbed by solids-colloids causing an increase in volume. Water surface potential movement takes place along a concentration gradient; some dry materials absorb water.
By implementing rapid sorption-desorption kinetics and operating 14–24 cycles per day, this technique produced an equivalent water yield of 5.8–13.3 L kg −1 of sustainable raw materials, demonstrating the potential for low-cost, scalable atmospheric water harvesting. [36] Hygroscopic glues are candidates for commercial development.
Absorption is a condition in which something takes in another substance. [1] In many processes important in technology, the chemical absorption is used in place of the physical process, e.g., absorption of carbon dioxide by sodium hydroxide – such acid-base processes do not follow the Nernst partition law (see: solubility).
1.00 - 1.03 Water absorption at equilibrium (23 °C, 50% RH) % 0.4–0.7 Water absorption at saturation (23 °C, 24H in water) % 0.9–1.2 Shore Hardness Shore D 25–72 Flexural modulus MPa 12–513 Tensile strength at break MPa 32-56 Elongation at break % 300–750 Impact resistance (Charpy, notched) kJ/m 2: No break Abrasion resistance (10 N ...
In the 1980s started the commercialization of air-laid paper, which gave better bulk, porosity, strength, softness, and water absorption properties compared with normal tissue paper. Also in the 1980s started the use of superabsorbents in diapers and reduced the need for fluff pulp and is now down to 15 grams or even less.
Zeolite is a family of several microporous, crystalline aluminosilicate materials commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts. [1] They mainly consist of silicon, aluminium, oxygen, and have the general formula M n+ 1/n (AlO 2) − (SiO 2) x ･y H 2 O where M n+ 1/n is either a metal ion or H +.