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  2. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicotinamide_adenine_di...

    In rat liver, the total amount of NAD + and NADH is approximately 1 μmole per gram of wet weight, about 10 times the concentration of NADP + and NADPH in the same cells. [17] The actual concentration of NAD + in cell cytosol is harder to measure, with recent estimates in animal cells ranging around 0.3 mM , [ 18 ] [ 19 ] and approximately 1.0 ...

  3. Flavin adenine dinucleotide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide

    For instance, native fluorescence of a FAD and NADH is varied in normal tissue and oral submucous fibrosis, which is an early sign of invasive oral cancer. [31] Doctors therefore have been employing fluorescence to assist in diagnosis and monitor treatment as opposed to the standard biopsy .

  4. Cancer biomarker - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_biomarker

    A biomarker may be used to see how well the body responds to a treatment for a disease or condition. Also called molecular marker and signature molecule." [18] In cancer research and medicine, biomarkers are used in three primary ways: [19] To help diagnose conditions, as in the case of identifying early stage cancers (diagnostic)

  5. Biosensor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosensor

    Biosensors used for screening combinatorial DNA libraries. In a biosensor, the bioreceptor is designed to interact with the specific analyte of interest to produce an effect measurable by the transducer. High selectivity for the analyte among a matrix of other chemical or biological components is a key requirement of the bioreceptor.

  6. Mitochondrial shuttle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_shuttle

    Mutations that increase the cells metabolic activity and turn a normal cell into a tumor cell are called oncogenes. Cancer cells are unlike many other cells. Cancer cells are unlike many other cells. They have very little vulnerabilities, but experiments in which the inhibition of transamination of malate-shuttle slowed proliferation due to the ...

  7. 49ers survive 3 missed field goals, sideline fight to win ...

    www.aol.com/sports/san-francisco-survives-three...

    If at first — or second, or third — you don't succeed, try, try again. San Francisco's Jake Moody missed three field goals Sunday afternoon against Tampa Bay, but made one that he needed to ...

  8. Florida sues FEMA, alleging discrimination against Trump ...

    www.aol.com/news/florida-sues-fema-alleging...

    Florida's attorney general said on Thursday she filed a lawsuit against the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency for allegedly discriminating against hurricane victims who supported President ...

  9. Racial justice activists prepare for Trump budget cuts and ...

    www.aol.com/racial-justice-activists-prepare...

    ST. LOUIS ‒ They feed the hungry. They counter violence and racial injustice. They fight for criminal justice reform and against book bans. And this week, more than 4,200 of them came together ...