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The whole-tone scale is a series of whole tones. It has two non-enharmonically equivalent positions: C D E F ♯ G ♯ A ♯ C and D ♭ E ♭ F G A B D ♭.It is ...
Lewis structure of a water molecule. Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
In some important cases (topological index calculation etc.) the following classical definition is sufficient: a molecular graph is a connected, undirected graph which admits a one-to-one correspondence with the structural formula of a chemical compound in which the vertices of the graph correspond to atoms of the molecule and edges of the ...
Interactive molecular structure viewing system. Early examples of dynamic rotation, intensity depth·cueing, and side-by-side stereo. Early use of the small angle approximations (a = sin a, 1 = cos a) to speed up graphical rotation calculations. Ortony 1971 Designed a stereo viewer (British patent appl. 13844/70) for molecular computer graphics.
Three dimensionality is best highlighted by the depictions of bonds, using wedges, bolding, and hashed formats. Some artists highlight three-dimensionality by varying fonts sizes, e.g. slightly larger fonts for the "front" atoms. In organic chemistry, double bonds and C-H bonds are shorter than most single bonds.
Theories of chemical structure were first developed by August Kekulé, Archibald Scott Couper, and Aleksandr Butlerov, among others, from about 1858. [4] These theories were first to state that chemical compounds are not a random cluster of atoms and functional groups, but rather had a definite order defined by the valency of the atoms composing the molecule, giving the molecules a three ...
The program can read and write many file formats, other than its proprietary sketch file format (.skc) and can export PNG files. If SVG files are required, it is recommended that structure diagrams be exported as enhanced metafiles (.emf) which can be read by Inkscape and other image editors..
Also acid ionization constant or acidity constant. A quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution expressed as an equilibrium constant for a chemical dissociation reaction in the context of acid-base reactions. It is often given as its base-10 cologarithm, p K a. acid–base extraction A chemical reaction in which chemical species are separated from other acids and bases. acid ...