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The dependence of ethnic groups on their co-ethnic local politician for access to state resources is likely to make them more responsive to calls of violence against other ethnic groups. [35] Therefore, the existence of these local patronage channels generates incentives for ethnic groups to engage in politically motivated violence.
This is a list of conflicts in Africa arranged by country, both on the continent and associated islands, including wars between African nations, civil wars, and wars involving non-African nations that took place within Africa. It encompasses pre-colonial wars, colonial wars, wars of independence, secessionist and separatist conflicts, major ...
In this background, increased ethnic rivalries led to further massacres. [5] The massacres were widely spread in the north and peaked on 29 May, 29 July, and 29 September 1966. By the time the pogrom ended, virtually all Igbos of the North were dead, hiding among sympathetic Northerners or on their way to the Eastern region.
[5] [6] The genocide was marked by extreme violence, with victims often murdered by neighbors, and widespread sexual violence, with between 250,000 and 500,000 women raped. [ 7 ] [ 3 ] The genocide was rooted in long-standing ethnic tensions, exacerbated by the Rwandan Civil War, which began in 1990 when the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), a ...
UNITED NATIONS/CAIRO (Reuters) -Between 10,000 and 15,000 people were killed in one city in Sudan's West Darfur region last year in ethnic violence by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF ...
In January 1964, during and following the Zanzibar Revolution, Arab residents of Zanzibar were victims of targeted violence committed by the island’s majority Black African population. [1] Arabs were mass murdered, raped, tortured and deported from the island by Black African militiamen under the Afro-Shirazi Party and Umma Party. The exact ...
Many scholars and authors believe that the current source of internal conflict in Ethiopia is the implementation of ethnic federalism since 1991. [52] Evidence suggests the implementation of ethnic federalism "politicized tribal identity" and scholars refuted its application in Ethiopian state context. [53]
In September 2018, 58 people were killed in ethnic clashes. Following the clashes on the weekend of 15–16 September protests against ethnic clashes begun in Addis Ababa. [8] In December 2018, 21 Oromo people were killed and 61 were wounded in by Somali militias, heavy artillery was used. Five thousand civilians fled to Kenya. [25]