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Marxist literary criticism is a theory of literary criticism based on the historical materialism developed by philosopher and economist Karl Marx.Marxist critics argue that even art and literature themselves form social institutions and have specific ideological functions, based on the background and ideology of their authors.
Leon Trotsky's Literature and Revolution claims that "old literature and 'culture' were the expressions of the nobleman and the bureaucrat" and that "the proletariat has also to create its own culture and its own art". [3] This viewpoint is common for the Marxist critical lens.
This includes general intellectual criticism about dogmatism, a lack of internal consistency, criticism related to materialism (both philosophical and historical), arguments that Marxism is a type of historical determinism or that it necessitates a suppression of individual rights, issues with the implementation of communism and economic issues ...
Wilhelm Reich and later the Frankfurt School complemented Marx's theory of society with Freud's theory of the subject, departing from orthodox Marxism and the Leninist traditions, and setting the foundations of what later came to be called "critical theory." Reich saw the rise of fascism as an expression of a long-repressed sexuality. Frankfurt ...
Various Marxist authors have focused on Marx's method of analysis and presentation (historical materialist and logically dialectical) as key factors both in understanding the range and incisiveness of Karl Marx's writing in general, his critique of political economy, as well as Grundrisse and Das Kapital in particular.
Formalism – a school of literary criticism and literary theory having mainly to do with structural purposes of a particular text; German hermeneutics and philology. Friedrich Schleiermacher, Wilhelm Dilthey, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Erich Auerbach, René Wellek; Marxism (see Marxist literary criticism) – which emphasizes themes of class conflict
Cornforth argued that Caudwell's theory of poetry was idealized, dependent on a Freudian concept of pre-social 'instincts' that was incompatible with Marxism. George Thomson answered Cornforth in the next issue (Spring 1951) by reaffirming Illusion and Reality's contribution to literary criticism. The next two issues (Summer and Autumn) saw the ...
Marxist literary criticism is a loose term describing literary criticism based on socialist and dialectic theories. [153] Marxist criticism views literary works as reflections of the social institutions from which they originate. According to Marxists, even literature is a social institution with a specific ideological function based on the ...