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According to Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, the “motivators” are the most potent in driving job satisfaction and motivation. These include intrinsic aspects such as achievement, recognition, work, responsibility, advancement, and growth opportunities.
Motivation. Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Of Motivation-Hygiene. Reviewed by Saul McLeod, PhD
Self-Determination Theory (SDT) is a psychological framework proposing that individuals have inherent growth tendencies and psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness) that, when satisfied, lead to self-motivation, well-being, and personal growth.
Key Takeaways. Intrinsic motivation describes the undertaking of an activity for its inherent satisfaction, while extrinsic motivation describes behavior driven by external rewards or punishments, abstract or concrete. Intrinsic motivation comes from within the individual, while extrinsic motivation comes from outside the individual.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five-tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid. The five levels of the hierarchy are physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.
The instinct theory explains motivation as stemming from inborn, biological drives and impulses. Motivated behavior arises to satisfy fundamental survival needs like hunger, thirst, sex, and rest. Instincts propel humans and animals to act in certain innate ways.
Drive-reduction theory is based on the idea that the primary motivation behind all human behavior is to reduce ‘drives.’ A ‘drive’ is a state of arousal or discomfort that is triggered by a person’s physiological or biological needs, such as hunger, thirst, and the need for warmth.
The Hawthorne Effect is a psychological phenomenon where individuals improve or modify their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed. This concept is often relevant in research studies, affecting the validity of results due to changes in participants' behavior under observation.
Charlotte Nickerson is a student at Harvard University obsessed with the intersection of mental health, productivity, and design. She is passionate about understanding how to strengthen relationships and communication to foster resilience, productivity, and emotional intelligence.
Self-actualization theory emphasizes the innate drive of individuals to reach their full potential. Kurt Goldstein highlighted the holistic nature of self-actualization, encompassing physical, psychological, and social well-being.