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traceroute. In computing, traceroute and tracert are diagnostic command-line interface commands for displaying possible routes (paths) and transit delays of packets across an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The command reports the round-trip times of the packets received from each successive host (remote node) along the route to a destination.
Layer Four Traceroute (LFT) is a fast, multi-protocol traceroute engine, that also implements numerous other features including AS number lookups through regional Internet registries and other reliable sources, Loose Source Routing, firewall and load balancer detection, etc. LFT is best known for its use by network security practitioners to trace a route to a destination host through many ...
The ICMP header starts after the IPv4 header and is identified by its protocol number, 1. [6] All ICMP packets have an eight-byte header and variable-sized data section. The first four bytes of the header have fixed format, while the last four bytes depend on the type and code of the ICMP packet.
Hop count. In wired networks, the hop count refers to the number of networks or network devices through which data passes between source and destination (depending on routing protocol, this may include the source/destination, that is, the first hop is counted as hop 0 or hop 1 [1]). Thus, hop count is a rough measure of distance between two hosts.
In the original design of IPv4, an IP address was divided into two parts: the network identifier was the most significant octet of the address, and the host identifier was the rest of the address. The latter was also called the rest field. This structure permitted a maximum of 256 network identifiers, which was quickly found to be inadequate.
Time to live (TTL) or hop limit is a mechanism which limits the lifespan or lifetime of data in a computer or network. TTL may be implemented as a counter or timestamp attached to or embedded in the data. Once the prescribed event count or timespan has elapsed, data is discarded or revalidated. In computer networking, TTL prevents a data packet ...
PathPing. The PathPing command is a command-line network utility included in Windows NT operating systems since Windows 2000 that combines the functionality of ping with that of tracert. [1] It is used to locate spots that have network latency and network loss. [2][3]
route (command) In computing, route is a command used to view and manipulate the IP routing table in Unix-like and Microsoft Windows [1] operating systems and also in IBM OS/2 and ReactOS. [2] Manual manipulation of the routing table is characteristic of static routing.