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An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. [1] In tumor cells, these genes are often mutated, or expressed at high levels. [2] Most normal cells undergo a preprogrammed rapid cell death (apoptosis) if critical functions are altered and then malfunction.
Oncogenomics. Oncogenomics is a sub-field of genomics that characterizes cancer -associated genes. It focuses on genomic, epigenomic and transcript alterations in cancer. Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of DNA mutations and epigenetic alterations leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation.
Carcinogenesis, also called oncogenesis or tumorigenesis, is the formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells. The process is characterized by changes at the cellular, genetic, and epigenetic levels and abnormal cell division. Cell division is a physiological process that occurs in almost all tissues and under a ...
The hepatitis C virus is the cause of hepatitis C and some cancers such as liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma, abbreviated HCC) and lymphomas in humans. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] An oncovirus or oncogenic virus is a virus that can cause cancer. [ 4 ] This term originated from studies of acutely transforming retroviruses in the 1950–60s, [ 5 ] when ...
Myc is a family of regulator genes and proto-oncogenes that code for transcription factors. The Myc family consists of three related human genes: c-myc (MYC), l-myc (MYCL), and n-myc (MYCN). c-myc (also sometimes referred to as MYC) was the first gene to be discovered in this family, due to homology with the viral gene v-myc.
Oncogene is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published under the Springer Nature addressing cancer cell genetics and the structure and function of oncogenes. The journal has editorial office in London, England. The journal was established in 1987. [1] An open access online-only sister journal, Oncogenesis, was established in 2012 by Douglas R ...
Tumor suppressor gene. The cell cycle. Many tumor suppressors work to regulate the cycle at specific checkpoints in order to prevent damaged cells from replicating. A tumor suppressor gene (TSG), or anti-oncogene, is a gene that regulates a cell during cell division and replication. [1] If the cell grows uncontrollably, it will result in cancer.
KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma virus) is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein called K-Ras, a part of the RAS/MAPK pathway. The protein relays signals from outside the cell to the cell's nucleus. These signals instruct the cell to grow and divide (proliferate) or to mature and take on specialized functions (differentiate).