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The International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) is a domain-specific extension of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems for tumor diseases. This classification is widely used by cancer registries. It is currently in its third revision (ICD-O-3).
Statistical significance. In statistical hypothesis testing, [1][2] a result has statistical significance when a result at least as "extreme" would be very infrequent if the null hypothesis were true. [3] More precisely, a study's defined significance level, denoted by , is the probability of the study rejecting the null hypothesis, given that ...
surgical resection. Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) is a type of tumor that can occur within the cells of the pancreatic duct. IPMN tumors produce mucus, [1] and this mucus can form pancreatic cysts. [2] Although intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms are benign tumors, they can progress to pancreatic cancer. [1]
Waldenström macroglobulinemia (/ ˈ v æ l d ən s t r ɒ m ˌ m æ k r oʊ ˌ ɡ l ɒ b j ə l ɪ ˈ n iː m i ə / VAL-dən-strom MAK-roh-GLOB-yə-lin-EE-mee-ə, [1] [2] US also / ˈ v ɑː l d ən s t r ɛ m-/ VAHL-dən-strem - [3]) is a type of cancer affecting two types of B cells: lymphoplasmacytoid cells and plasma cells.
Globally, pancreatic cancer is the 11th most-common cancer in women and the 12th most-common in men. [10] The majority of recorded cases occur in developed countries . [ 10 ] People from the United States have an average lifetime risk of about 1 in 67 (or 1.5%) of developing the disease, [ 114 ] slightly higher than the figure for the UK. [ 115 ]
101,100 (2015) [ 9 ] Multiple myeloma (MM), also known as plasma cell myeloma and simply myeloma, is a cancer of plasma cells, a type of white blood cell that normally produces antibodies. [ 6 ] Often, no symptoms are noticed initially. [ 10 ] As it progresses, bone pain, anemia, renal insufficiency, and infections may occur. [ 10 ]
Hematology and oncology. Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a group of rare blood cancers in which excess red blood cells, white blood cells or platelets are produced in the bone marrow. Myelo refers to the bone marrow, proliferative describes the rapid growth of blood cells and neoplasm describes that growth as abnormal and uncontrolled.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. GISTs arise in the smooth muscle pacemaker interstitial cell of Cajal, or similar cells. [2] They are defined as tumors whose behavior is driven by mutations in the KIT gene (85%), [2] PDGFRA gene (10%), [2] or BRAF kinase (rare).