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The midbrain or mesencephalon is the rostral -most portion of the brainstem [2] connecting the diencephalon and cerebrum with the pons. [3] It consists of the cerebral peduncles, tegmentum, and tectum. It is functionally associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep and wakefulness, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.
The epithalamus is a tiny structure that comprises the habenular trigone, the pineal gland, and the habenular commissure. It is wired with the limbic system and basal ganglia. Species that possess a photoreceptive parapineal organ show asymmetry in the epithalamus at the habenula, to the left (dorsal). [7]
Function. The diencephalon is the region of the embryonic vertebrate neural tube that gives rise to anterior forebrain structures including the thalamus, hypothalamus, posterior portion of the pituitary gland, and the pineal gland. The diencephalon encloses a cavity called the third ventricle. The thalamus serves as a relay centre for sensory ...
Drawing of a cast of the ventricular cavities, viewed from the side. The cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of the midbrain, aqueduct of Sylvius, Sylvian aqueduct, mesencephalic duct) is a small, narrow tube connecting the third and fourth ventricles of the brain. [1][2] The cerebral aqueduct is a midline structure that passes through the midbrain.
The subthalamus is located ventral to the thalamus, medial to the internal capsule and lateral to the hypothalamus. It is a region formed by several grey matter nuclei and their associated white matter structures, namely: [3] The subthalamic nucleus, whose neurons contain glutamate and have excitatory effects over neurons of globus pallidus and ...
Acronym (s) MLR. Anatomical terminology. [edit on Wikidata] The mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR) is a functionally defined area of the midbrain that is associated with the initiation and control of locomotor movements in vertebrate species. [1][2]
The brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system. It consists of the cerebrum, the brainstem and the cerebellum. The brain controls most of the activities of the body, processing, integrating, and coordinating the information it receives from the sense organs, and making ...
Brain vesicle. Lateral view of three-vesicle and five-vesicle stages of the early human embryo. Brain vesicles are the bulge-like enlargements of the early development of the neural tube in vertebrates, which eventually give rise to the brain. Vesicle formation begins shortly after the rostral closure of the neural tube, at about embryonic day ...