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Zhu Xi (Chu Hsi), rationalist and leading figure of the School of Principle. Chen Hongmou, argued for racial and sexual equality in the place of education. Wang Fuzhi, believed Confucius' teachings had become distorted, so wrote his own commentaires. Wang Yangming, idealist and leading figure of the School of Mind.
Atiśa (c. 980 –1054) He was one of the major figures in the spread of Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism in Asia and inspired Buddhist thought from Tibet to Sumatra Udayana ( c. 10th century ) he was a very important Hindu logician who attempted to reconcile the views held by the two major schools of logic ( Nyaya and Vaisheshika ).
Wang Yangming – important Idealist Neo-Confucian. [1]Zhang Zai – pioneering Neo-Confucian. [2]Zhou Dunyi – Song Dynasty philosopher. [3]Zhu Xi – one of the leading Neo-Confucians of the Song Dynasty.
Chinese thinkers, faced with this challenge to legitimacy, diverged in a "Hundred Schools of Thought", each positing its own philosophical lens for understanding the processes of the world. Confucius (551–479 BC) appeared in this period of political reconfiguration and spiritual questioning.
During later Chinese dynasties like Song dynasty (960–1297) and the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) as well as in the Korean Joseon dynasty (1392–1897) a resurgent Neo-Confucianism led by thinkers such as Zhu Xi (1130–1200) and Wang Yangming (1472–1529) became the dominant school of thought and was promoted by the imperial state.
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A tomb discovered in Taiyuan from the 8 th century features murals in the “figures under the tree” style. The multiple scenes depicted throughout the tomb show daily life during the Tang dynasty.
When the People's Republic of China was established in 1949, intellectuals came under strict government control. Educated overseas Chinese were invited to return home, and those intellectuals who remained in China were urged to contribute their technical expertise to rebuilding the country. Intellectuals were expected to serve the party and the ...