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Southern British tribes before the Roman invasion. In common with other regions on the edge of the empire, Britain had enjoyed diplomatic and trading links with the Romans in the century since Julius Caesar's expeditions in 55 and 54 BC, and Roman economic and cultural influence was a significant part of the British late pre-Roman Iron Age, especially in the south.
In 383, the Roman general then assigned to Britain, Magnus Maximus, launched his successful bid for imperial power, [1] crossing to Gaul with his troops. He killed the Western Roman Emperor Gratian and ruled Gaul and Britain as Caesar (i.e., as a "sub-emperor" under Theodosius I). 383 is the last date for any evidence of a Roman presence in the north and west of Britain, [2] perhaps excepting ...
Roman Britain was the territory that became the Roman province of Britannia after the Roman conquest of Britain, consisting of a large part of the island of Great Britain. The occupation lasted from AD 43 to AD 410. [1] [2] Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 and 54 BC as part of his Gallic Wars. [3]
After the Roman departure from Britain, the Romano-British were advised by Honorius to "look to their own defences". A written plea with General Flavius Aetius as one of its believed recipients, known as the Groans of the Britons , may have brought some brief naval assistance from the fading Roman Empire of the West, but otherwise they were on ...
Of Roman Britain's estimated population of three million, the urban population was about 240,000 people, [23] with Londinium having an estimated 60,000 people. [24] [25] However, after Britannia ceased to be a functional Roman province, many of the urban areas collapsed and the overall population may have declined by as much as two million. [26]
What the Romans Did for Us, is a 2000 BBC documentary series "looking at the innovations and inventions brought to Britain by the Romans". [1] The title of the programme is derived from the film Monty Python's Life of Brian, referencing the scene where the People's Front of Judea discuss "What have the Romans done for us?"
After the Romans' initial conquest of Britain in 43 AD, the territory of the Brigantes remained independent of Roman rule for some time. At that time the leader of the Brigantes was queen Cartimandua, [1] whose husband Venutius might have been a Carvetian and may therefore have been responsible for the incorporation of Cumbria into the Brigantian federation.
The central Roman administration, like the rebel administrations, also recruited soldiers from the Frankish and Saxon regions beyond the Rhine in what is now the Netherlands and Germany, and such forces are likely to have become more important in Britain during periods when field armies were withdrawn during internal Roman power struggles.