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As of early September 2022, 32 of France's 56 nuclear reactors were shut down due to maintenance or technical problems. [57] [58] In 2022, Europe's driest summer in 500 years had serious consequences for power plant cooling systems, as the drought reduced the amount of river water available for cooling. [59] [60]
Nuclear power accidents in Pakistan [52] Date Location Description Fatalities Cost (in millions 2006 US$) 18 October 2011: Karachi, Pakistan: The KANUPP Karachi nuclear power plant imposed a seven-hour emergency after heavy water leaked from a feeder pipe to the reactor. The leakage took place during a routine maintenance shut down, and the ...
Eight German nuclear power reactors (sBiblis A and B, Brunsbüttel, Isar 1, Krümmel, Neckarwestheim 1, Philippsburg 1 and Unterweser) were permanently shut down on 6 August 2011, following the Japanese Fukushima nuclear disaster. [1] A nuclear power phase-out is the discontinuation of usage of nuclear power for energy production.
With 57 nuclear reactors, France produces more than two-thirds of its electricity from nuclear power. Last year, it exported a record amount, about 17% of its production, mostly to Italy.
Saint-Laurent Nuclear Power Plant A1 and A2 in Loir-et-Cher, operated from 1969 and 1971 to April 1990 and June 1992. Reactor 1 at Bugey Nuclear Power Plant in Ain, the last UNGG built in France, first criticality 1972, closed in May 1994. Vandellòs Nuclear Power Plant Unit 1 in Spain, the only UNGG built outside France, closed in July 1990.
Phénix ran without problems through the 1970s and '80s, but in the early 1990s it began to demonstrate a number of unexplained behaviours, including large power transients. This had serious safety implications, and the reactor was repeatedly shut down, spending most of the period from 1991 to 1994 being studied while offline.
In 1979 the group destroyed electrical lines going from the plant to the grid, and with there being no grid to supply power to, the plant shut down. This was the only time in history that a terrorist group successfully stopped operation of a nuclear power plant. In 1985 the reactor was shut down permanently.
This event was classified at 4 on the International Nuclear Event Scale (INES), [2] and is, as of December 2011, the most severe civil nuclear power accident in France. [3] On 13 March 1980, there was some annealing that occurred in the graphite of one of the reactors, causing a brief heat excursion. This was also classified as 4 on the INES ...