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Cretan archers were a well known class of warrior whose specialist skills were extensively utilized in both ancient and medieval warfare. [1] They were especially valued in armies, such as those of the Greek city-states, (notably Athens, Sparta, Eretria, and Macedonia) and those of ancient Rome, which could not draw upon substantial numbers of skilled archers from their native populations.
Miller pointed out that Spartan allows infantry to use the sarissa earlier than this. Miller suggested several rule changes to make Spartan more historically accurate in this respect, and concluded, "When implemented, these aforementioned rules changes will lessen the role of the phalanx to a certain extent, but it maintains an important ...
In the Battle of Cnidus of 394 BC, the Spartan navy was decisively defeated by a joint Athenian-Persian fleet, marking the end of Sparta's brief naval supremacy. The final blow would be given 20 years later, at the Battle of Naxos in 376 BC. The Spartans periodically maintained a small fleet after that, but its effectiveness was limited.
Popular ranged weapons were the bow , javelin and sling . While the bow was a relatively uncommon weapon (the wooden stave bow used had a limited range), some troops treated their arrows by thrusting them into rotting corpses, thus creating a crude form of biological weapon. [10]
The battle marked a turning point in both Greek and military history as it caused the Spartans to adopt the phalanx of hoplites as their key strategy in place of the loose spear-throwing formations prevalent until then. The phalanx was to revolutionise warfare.
Fate of Hellas [a] (released as Great War Nations: The Spartans in North America) is a 2007 real-time strategy video game for Windows. Developed by World Forge, it was published in Russia by Russobit-M in December 2007, in Europe by JoWooD in March 2008, and in North America and Australia by DreamCatcher Interactive and n3vrf41l Publishing (respectively) in May 2008.
Battle guard Vernell Holt (1) looks to pass the ball while being defended by Rock Bridge's Brady Bowers (23) during the Spartans' 52-49 win over the Bruins on Feb. 9, 2023, at Battle High School.
Missile weapons were favored but close combat weaponry was carried by the Thracians as well. These close combat weapons varied from the dreaded rhomphaia [16] to clubs (used to knock the heads off the spears in Xenophon's Anabasis by Thynians), one- and two-sided axes, bows, knives, spears, akinakes and long swords.