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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [1] is a technique used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas. An FTIR spectrometer simultaneously collects high-resolution spectral data over a wide spectral range.
Nano-FTIR (nanoscale Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) is a scanning probe technique that utilizes as a combination of two techniques: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM).
Structure proposed in 1998 [1] with functional groups. A: Epoxy bridges, B: Hydroxyl groups, C: Pairwise carboxyl groups. Graphite oxide (GO), formerly called graphitic oxide or graphitic acid, is a compound of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in variable ratios, obtained by treating graphite with strong oxidizers and acids for resolving of extra metals.
Graphene oxide flakes in polymerss display enhanced photo-conducting properties. [222] Graphene is normally hydrophobic and impermeable to all gases and liquids (vacuum-tight). However, when formed into a graphene oxide-based capillary membrane, both liquid water and water vapor flow through as quickly as if the membrane were not present. [223]
Later the oxidation protocol was enhanced to yield graphene oxide with an almost intact carbon framework that allows efficient removal of functional groups, neither of which was originally possible. The measured charge carrier mobility exceeded 1,000 centimetres (393.70 in)/Vs. [10] Spectroscopic analysis of reduced graphene oxide has been ...
Graphene is the only form of carbon (or solid material) in which every atom is available for chemical reaction from two sides (due to the 2D structure). Atoms at the edges of a graphene sheet have special chemical reactivity. Graphene has the highest ratio of edge atoms of any allotrope. Defects within a sheet increase its chemical reactivity. [1]
Particularly in nano-FTIR, where the scattering from a sharp probe-tip is used to perform spectroscopy of samples with nanoscale spatial resolution, a high-power illumination from pulsed infrared lasers makes up for a relatively small scattering efficiency (often < 1%) of the probe. [4]
FTIR mode Sample preparation Schematic diagram Transmission FTIR: Transmission mode is the most widely used FTIR technique in geoscience due to its high analysis speed and cost-efficient characteristics. [4] The sample, either a rock or a mineral, is cut into a block and polished on both sides until a thin (typically 300 to 15 μm) wafer is ...